No matter your experience level, writing a patent application can seem like an overwhelming task. That is why it is critical to find an experienced USPTO Registered Patent Attorney who can assist with this daunting process.
A patent is a legal document that grants you the exclusive right to use your invention without permission. To be granted this privilege, your invention must be novel, non-obvious, and industrially useful.
Below are the essentials to your patent application that will grant you the privilege to be accepted by the USPTO.
1. Background
Writing a patent application that will be accepted by the USPTO can seem overwhelming with all its requirements and details. Furthermore, this process often takes years to complete and involves back-and-forth communication between an experienced USPTO registered patent attorney and an Examiner.
A patent application must include a title, an abstract, a specification (detailed description of your invention), and claims that define its scope. Claims are essential as they determine how much protection you can get for your creation.
Writing the specification carefully is essential so that anyone with basic knowledge in the field of your invention can comprehend it and replicate the invention. This is known as a “detailed description,” and it forms an essential component of your patent application.
Another essential element of the specification is a background section that summarizes all prior inventions related to your invention. This will help demonstrate that your idea is original and non-obvious.
Once filed, your patent application will be examined by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”). Not only will they verify that all requirements for filing have been fulfilled, but the examiner also looks closely at your drawings to guarantee they are accurate and comprehensive.
If the drawing depicts an unpatentable design, the examiner will reject your application and send you an Office action. This rejection will explain the reasons for rejection as well as address any substantive issues that affect patentability.
Successful patent applications require extensive research, meticulous drafting, and the assistance of a registered patent attorney or agent. However, the USPTO understands that not everyone has access to legal representation; that’s why they provide several assistance programs and resources for independent inventors, entrepreneurs, and small businesses alike.
2. Method
A patent is a type of property right that grants an inventor exclusive rights to make, use, offer to sell or import into the United States any invention they have patented. Unfortunately, obtaining a patent can be complex and take years before one is issued.
The initial step in filing for a patent is writing its application. The description and claims of the patent are two main sections that need to be carefully written in order for your invention to be granted protection under the law.
This requires you to provide an accurate and detailed description of your invention that meets the USPTO’s criteria. Your description should include the title, background information (including any prior inventions made), as well as specific claims made in support of it.
Your background must include information regarding any relevant pending applications and research papers, as well as references to journals, publications or experiments related to your invention. This data is essential in helping a patent examiner comprehend how unique your invention is from other similar inventions in the patent office.
Many inventors struggle to write a concise and precise description of their invention. If mistakes are made, this could result in rejection by the USPTO or accusations of infringement by others.
Avoiding these issues requires hiring a patent attorney or expert in the field who can assist with your patent application. Unfortunately, the cost of hiring an attorney may prove prohibitive for some inventors.
3. Invention
Before you begin writing your patent application, it is essential to identify which invention you plan on claiming. Doing this will guide your research and ensure all aspects of your invention are included in the application.
When crafting a claim, the most crucial factor to consider is how your invention differs from existing technology. While this can be challenging without assistance from a patent attorney, it is an essential step in the process of securing your patent.
To properly patent your invention, it is necessary to document its development process. This may include creating a schematic drawing or photo of the invention and outlining some possible uses for it.
Another essential step when writing your claims is that you must clearly state how your invention differs from the prior art in a language understandable to someone skilled in the relevant field. For instance, if you’re explaining how two machines can be combined into one, the specification must explain what makes this combination unique from prior methods and provide details on what steps were taken to make it successful.
You must be cautious when crafting your claims, as they must encompass an adequate scope. To accomplish this, draft a claim that briefly summarizes your invention without including any unnecessary details and then write another claim with as much specificity as possible to define it more precisely.
4. Claims
To secure a patent for an invention, it is necessary to submit to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) an exhaustive description. This document, known as a specification, should include an abstract, labeled drawings of your creation, and one or more claims.
Each claim is an authoritative declaration that determines the scope of protection for an invention. This is the most critical part of a patent application, as it establishes what is and isn’t protected.
Generally, each claim must describe the features of an invention and how it is utilized. It also needs to be written clearly and precisely so others can comprehend it without needing further explanation.
Claims must be written with great care to avoid infringement by one party and maximize the scope of protection available.
Claims should be written to encompass the full scope of an invented invention, providing the inventor with maximum protection. They should ensure that no competitor can duplicate or infringe upon it without consent from the inventor.
To assist readers in quickly comprehending the claims, reference characters corresponding to elements recited in both detailed descriptions and drawings should be provided where applicable. These characters should be enclosed within parentheses so as not to conflict with other numbers or characters that may appear within the claims.
Furthermore, the claims must be written so that their interpretation does not conflict with the prior art. This can be accomplished through transitional phrases and the creation of independent and dependent claims.
5. Appendices
Appendices provide an additional means of adding information to an application that may have been overlooked during filing. They can contain drawings, text, and any other relevant data you wish to include.
Before writing your patent application, it is essential that you have a comprehensive and well-written description. This should include an executive summary of the invention, a detailed description, as well as any claims you wish to assert.
Claims are what you assert your invention can do, and they must be accurate and specific enough to protect the invention. Furthermore, they provide an indication of how you plan to utilize your creation, so be sure to craft them carefully.
Furthermore, ensure your claims are precise and don’t infringe upon other patents. This can be a tricky part of the application process; therefore, take time to ensure it’s done correctly.
Before writing your patent application, you’ll want to select the most reliable references for your invention. Doing this helps create a strong presumption of validity in your favor and makes it harder for others to contest the patent.
Finally, you must decide if you would like your application to include formal drawings of your preferred design or alternative options. Ultimately, this decision depends on both your circumstances and the needs of your invention.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, paths are generated that at least partially follow traffic routes stored in a receiver database and include characteristic properties associated with parts of that network. Furthermore, other data material pertaining to geographic objects and travel paths serves as input when selecting these paths.
6. Functional language
When drafting a patent claim, functional language should be evaluated to determine whether it is purely functional, or if it’s also partially or fully functional. Functional language may be purely functional if its purpose is merely to describe a process, or it may be partially functional if the claim is more general in nature. The recitation of structures in functional claims can raise concerns if they’re too specific.
A means plus function claim is allowed if the structure of the claimed invention relates to the claimed function. This is also called “means-plus-function” language and applies to both methods and devices. It is important to disclose the structure associated with the functional language in the claim. Otherwise, it is deemed indefinite. In this case, the court held that the claim was invalid because of its indefiniteness.
Using functional language in a patent claim can also be acceptable in certain circumstances. For example, the use of “screwdriver” is a portmanteau term that derives from the German word schraubenzieher and the French word tournevis. Using “screwdriver” does not limit the claim to only the invention that is described. However, it may be acceptable if the claim relates to the patented invention only.
The Federal Circuit has viewed functionally claimed inventions with varying degrees of skepticism. Federal courts have also rejected functional claims. If the claimed structure is not disclosed in the patent specification, it’s indefinite. This case illustrates the need to be clear in claiming an invention. Even though functional language may be interpreted as a “use” claim, it requires additional disclosures to avoid invalidity.
7. Drawings
Unlike descriptions, patent applications require drawings to explain what is being claimed. To submit an effective patent application, drawings must depict each feature of the invention in a particular form. The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has strict rules regarding the size, margins, and style of the drawings. Furthermore, the drawings must be complete and correct, as they protect the invention’s design. If the invention requires complex construction, drawings must depict it.
Patent drawings are necessary to capture how the invention works in the real world. These images will show how it works and what parts it has. When creating patent drawings, make sure to include identifying indicia at the top of each sheet. Graphic forms must also meet the same requirements as drawings. During the first filing, it is mandatory to include all drawings. After that, new material cannot be submitted. However, if the inventor plans to file a follow-up application, they must provide a copy of the drawings they used for their first patent.
Drawings should include as many views as necessary to convey the invention’s details. These views may be plan, elevation, section, perspective, or detail views of individual elements. Views must be grouped together, separated by dashed lines, and preferably, should not be overly similar. The arrows and other symbols must be legible and easy to read. Applicants should avoid using a sloping or curving line to depict the parts.
In addition to these three types of drawings, the specification must contain all the necessary information to properly explain the invention. The drawings must be created using a process that provides satisfactory reproduction characteristics. In addition to being legible, the lines should be sufficiently thick and durable. If there are spherical or cylindrical elements, they should be shaded to illustrate the surface or shape of the object. Symbols are permitted, but they should have a universal meaning within the relevant art.
Response to objections to a patent application
In response to objections to a patent application, the inventor must provide evidence to support his or her claim. While the examiner’s opinion is a final decision, the response is still the applicant’s best chance to establish the patentability of his or her invention. Failure to respond in time may result in the abandonment of the patent application. The inventor can either accept the objections or amend his or her application in order to gain patent protection. In either case, the USPTO will grant the patent if the inventor meets the requirements.
Response to objections to a patent application is also known as an office action. It is a formal document prepared by the patent examiner. Typically, two or three office actions are issued before the patent is granted. A respondent should be aware of the tech-legal language that should be used when responding to objections. While writing the response, the applicant must modify the claim elements that are being objected to. Additionally, the respondent should be able to use analytical and logical reasoning to address the objections.
The first step in preparing a response to objections to a patent application is to identify the types of rejections. The two most common are obviousness and novelty rejections. In response to these objections, it is important to understand the Broadest Reasonable Interpretation (BRI) standard. This standard permits a broader meaning to words. For example, “bicycle pedal” might encompass any type of foot support. Also, “trigger” could include any type of mechanical device or actuator.
Upon receiving an objection, the patent examiner may decide to grant the patent in a timely manner. If the examiner deems that the patent application is patentable, the applicant can request continued examination to further protect it. If all goes well, the patent office will grant the patent to the applicant and the patent will be issued. A failure to respond to the objections to a patent application may result in the abandonment of the patent application.
